Knapsack Pro

Vitest vs WebdriverIO comparison of testing frameworks
What are the differences between Vitest and WebdriverIO?

Vitest

https://vitest.dev

WebdriverIO

https://webdriver.io/
Programming language JavaScript JavaScript
Category

Unit testing, integration testing, and component testing

Browser Automation, Unit Testing, Functional Testing

General info

Vitest is a fast, modern JavaScript test runner built on Vite

It supports unit, integration, and component testing with a Jest-compatible API, built-in mocking, and TypeScript support. Designed for speed and efficiency. It seamlessly integrates with Vite projects but can also be used independently.

WebdriverIO is the next-gen WebDriver test framework for Node.js made upon Selenium

WebdriverIO is written in JavaScript and uses Selenium under the hood. It also comes with its own inbuilt test runner and supports other testing frameworks like Jasmine, Cucumber, and Mocha

xUnit
Set of frameworks originating from SUnit (Smalltalk's testing framework). They share similar structure and functionality.

No

Vitest does not natively follow the xUnit test structure, but it supports similar concepts. It uses a Jest-compatible API, meaning it provides test lifecycle hooks (beforeEach, afterEach, etc.) and assertions similar to xUnit-style frameworks. However, it does not strictly adhere to classical xUnit architecture, such as NUnit, JUnit, or MSTest.

Yes

Client-side
Allows testing code execution on the client, such as a web browser

Yes

Vitest uses JSDOM to simulate a browser environment, making it easy to test DOM-related functionality. It has Browser Mode for running component tests in the browser. Vitest can run tests in real browsers via tools like Playwright or WebdriverIO.

Yes

WebdriverIO allows the use of advanced CSS selectors and makes it easy to find elements for front-end testing

Server-side
Allows testing the bahovior of a server-side code

Yes

Vitest supports server-side testing, allowing you to test Node.js and server-side logic such as APIs, databases, and backend functions. It provides native support for ESM, mocks, spies, and environment configurations.

Yes

It can be used to test server side behaviour and functionality

Fixtures
Allows defining a fixed, specific states of data (fixtures) that are test-local. This ensures specific environment for a single test

Yes

Vitest's Test Context, inspired by Playwright Fixtures, allows defining utils, states, and fixtures for use in tests. It enables sharing context between tests using the test.context object and supports tuple syntax for fixtures, allowing customization of fixture options per test.

Yes

WebdriverIO supports the creation of fixtures

Group fixtures
Allows defining a fixed, specific states of data for a group of tests (group-fixtures). This ensures specific environment for a given group of tests.

Yes

Vitest supports group fixtures by using describe blocks with beforeAll, beforeEach, afterEach, and afterAll hooks. These hooks allow setting up a shared state for a group of tests.

Yes

WebdriverIO supports the creation of group fixtures

Generators
Supports data generators for tests. Data generators generate input data for test. The test is then run for each input data produced in this way.

No

N/A

Licence
Licence type governing the use and redistribution of the software

MIT License

MIT License

Mocks
Mocks are objects that simulate the behavior of real objects. Using mocks allows testing some part of the code in isolation (with other parts mocked when needed)

Yes

Vitest has built-in support for mocks, allowing you to mock functions, modules, timers, and spies similar to Jest.

Yes

It contains a mocking service called 'wdio-wiremock-service'

Grouping
Allows organizing tests in groups

Yes

Vitest supports Grouping, allowing you to organize tests into groups using describe() blocks.

Yes

WebdriverIO allows one to build test suites, you can run these test in parallel and organize them by adjusting the 'maxInstances' property in your config file

Other
Other useful information about the testing framework

Vitest provides a watch mode for instant test re-runs, ESM-first architecture for modern development, parallel and concurrent test execution for speed, custom reporters for CI/CD integration, and fake timers for testing time-dependent code.