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pytest vs TestNG comparison of testing frameworks
What are the differences between pytest and TestNG?

pytest

https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/

TestNG

https://testng.org/doc/documentation-main.html
Programming language

Python

Java

Category

Unit Testing

Unit Testing, Intergration Testing, End-to-End Testing

General info

Pytest is the TDD 'all in one' testing framework for Python

Pytest is a powerful Python testing framework that can test all and levels of software. It is considered by many to be the best testing framework in Python with many projects on the internet having switched to it from other frameworks, including Mozilla and Dropbox. This is due to its many powerful features such as ‘assert‘ rewriting, a third-party plugin model and a powerful yet simple fixture model.

TestNG is a testing framework for the Java programming language inspired by JUnit and NUnit

TestNG is similar to JUnit and NUnit but with newer functionalities such as: annotations, test that your code is multithread safe, flexible test configuration, support for data-driven testing (with @DataProvider), support for parameters, powerful execution model (no more TestSuite) and more... It's also designed to cover all categories of tests unit, functional, end-to-end, intergration... etc
xUnit
Set of frameworks originating from SUnit (Smalltalk's testing framework). They share similar structure and functionality.

No

No

Client-side
Allows testing code execution on the client, such as a web browser

Yes

pytest can test any part of the stack including front-end components

Yes

The scope of testing with testNg is wide and you can test various front-end functionalities and behaviours with it
Server-side
Allows testing the bahovior of a server-side code

Yes

pytest is powerful enough to test database and server components and functionality

Yes

You can test server-side functionalities and behaviours with TestNg
Fixtures
Allows defining a fixed, specific states of data (fixtures) that are test-local. This ensures specific environment for a single test

Yes

Pytest has a powerful yet simple fixture model that is unmatched in any other testing framework.

Yes

Fixtures are inbuilt into testNG, these are the annotations which are: @BeforeSuite, @AfterSuite, @BeforeTest, @AfterTest, @BeforeGroups, @AfterGroups, @BeforeClass, @AfterClass, @BeforeMethod, @AfterMethod
Group fixtures
Allows defining a fixed, specific states of data for a group of tests (group-fixtures). This ensures specific environment for a given group of tests.

Yes

Pytest's powerful fixture model allows grouping of fixtures

Yes

You can use various fixtures to setup environments for group tests
Generators
Supports data generators for tests. Data generators generate input data for test. The test is then run for each input data produced in this way.

Yes

pytest has a hook function called pytest_generate_tests hook which is called when collecting a test function and one can use it to generate data

N/A

Licence
Licence type governing the use and redistribution of the software

MIT License

Apache License 2.0

Mocks
Mocks are objects that simulate the behavior of real objects. Using mocks allows testing some part of the code in isolation (with other parts mocked when needed)

Yes

By either using unittest.mock or using pytest-mock a thin wrapper that provides mock functionality for pytest

Yes

By Use of an external library like mockit which intergrates well with testNG
Grouping
Allows organizing tests in groups

Yes

Tests can be grouped with pytest by use of markers which are applied to various tests and one can run tests with the marker applied

Yes

Multiple test cases can be grouped more easily by converting them into testng.xml file, in which you can make priorities which test case should be executed first
Other
Other useful information about the testing framework